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Merton Clivette
Merton Clive Cook (1868–1931), also known as Merton Clivette, was an American painter, magician, writer, vaudevillian and entertainer who spent most of his early life traveling the world entertaining before settling in New York to paint permanently. As a very highly regarded American artist of the early 20th century by his peers (including Maurice Sterne, Waldo Pierce, Edward Bruce, Marcel Sauvage and Michel Georges-Michel of Paris, among others), his style can be identified with the American expressionist movement.〔Hellman, George S., "To The Editor of Art Digest”, Art Digest, Oct. 1930〕 Clivette is also known to be one of several artists who most defined the Ashcan realism period in New York at that time. Clivette was remarkable in that he demonstrated artistic talent painting in a free flowing manner rarely painting over a line twice. During the 1920s his style evolved as he moved from realism toward expressionism eventually moving on to figurative and the abstract.
==Early life==
Clivette was born in 1868 in Portage, Wisconsin but grew up in the Wyoming Territory. In this teens he left to participate in a Wild West show which toured the Northwest US and during his time in it he was able to display his skills as an acrobat, juggler and amateur magician. He honed these skills into what would later be a Vaudeville touring show. Clivette moved to Seattle then San Francisco in the late 1880s. He drew quick sketches in San Francisco then toured the United States with the Orpheum Circuit from 1891-1900 . Clivette headed across the pond to Europe and while there soaked in the traditional European art styles. Clivette was a student of Auguste Rodin from 1889-1890 and even painted a portrait of Auguste Rodin said to be the greatest of all portraits of the sculptor.〔Hellman, George S.; Sterne, Maurice; New Gallery (New York, N.Y.), "Clivette : exhibition of paintings January 11 to 29, 1927", the New Gallery 600 Madison Ave., New York, 1927.〕 He came back from the trips much wiser and secured a place in the New York City art community.
Clivette modeled himself with Ashcan School artists (including Robert Henri) utilizing realist subjects. Clivette used the Chiaroscuro style in both light and dark juxtapositions and loose but forceful brushwork.〔 These were similar to Robert Henri and other realist painters. Clivette was well known for his Vamp series which portray Show Business ladies in the garish Burlesque attire. This technique links him and the Ashcan school.〔 Contrasting these Vamp paintings Clivette painted numerous American Indian portraits. Clivette inevitably moved away from this realistic look to a more distorted fashion in the vein of Chaim Soutine. Over time he drifted away from realism toward expressionism. His later work turned toward figurativism, and eventually becoming abstract.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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